Sources

Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Report (2021 and 2023 editions)

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System and National Vital Statistics System

Measures: Hepatitis C deaths by state 2017-2023 (Table 3.7), newly reported chronic hepatitis C by state (Table 3.5), acute hepatitis C by state (Table 3.1), risk exposures among acute cases (Table 3.3)
Caveat: Death rates are age-adjusted and count deaths with hepatitis C listed anywhere on the death certificate. Newly reported chronic cases depend on how much testing a state does, so a rise can mean more people were found, not more people infected. Acute cases are heavily under-reported and not comparable across states; we do not compare states on them. Texas does not report chronic hepatitis C.
License: Public domain (U.S. government work)
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: xlsx
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis-surveillance-2023/
Used in: Oklahoma has the highest hepatitis C death rate in the country
First in the nation every year since at least 2017
Oklahoma now reports more new chronic hepatitis C cases per person than any other reporting state
Since July 1, Oklahoma has joined the states with no legal syringe access

CDC National Center for Health Statistics

Measures: 12-month-ending counts of drug overdose deaths by state of residence, monthly, 2015 to 2026
Caveat: Provisional and revised monthly; the latest months are flagged as underreported. We use CDC's predicted counts, which adjust for reporting delays (reported counts would exaggerate the recent decline), and compute rates with Census estimates.
License: Public domain (U.S. government work)
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: api
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/nvss/vsrr/drug-overdose-data.htm
Used in: Overdose deaths are falling everywhere, including here

U.S. Census Bureau

Measures: July 1 resident population by state, 2020-2025 (denominators for overdose rates)
Caveat: 2026 rates use the 2025 estimate.
License: Public domain (U.S. government work)
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: csv
Link: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest.html
Used in: Overdose deaths are falling everywhere, including here

Legislative Analysis and Public Policy Association, funded by the Office of National Drug Control Policy

Measures: Whether each state authorizes syringe services programs, the statutes, effective dates and pending bills
Caveat: Research current as of May 2026, so it still lists Oklahoma as authorized; the July 1, 2026 sunset comes from the statute text it quotes and from news reporting.
License: Copyright LAPPA; cited, statute citations quoted, PDF not redistributed
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: pdf
Link: https://legislativeanalysis.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/Syringe-Services-Programs-Summary-of-State-Laws.pdf
Used in: Since July 1, Oklahoma has joined the states with no legal syringe access

Oklahoma Watch (Maya Henry); republished by Tulsa Flyer, July 4, 2026

Measures: OSDH estimate of syringes and people reached, HB 2012's path, the penalties after July 1, what programs plan next
Caveat: Figures attributed to organizations (overdoses prevented) are self-reported.
License: News article; quoted and linked
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: cite-only
Link: https://oklahomawatch.org/2026/06/30/more-people-sick-or-dying-after-five-years-of-sterile-syringe-distributions-harm-reduction-law-set-to-expire/
Used in: Not used in a chart yet

Oklahoma House of Representatives, Public Health Committee

Measures: Clients, syringes, naloxone kits, referrals and reported reversals from Oklahoma's four registered programs, 2022-2024
Caveat: Self-reported by the programs to the Healthy Minds Policy Initiative; not independently audited.
License: Public government press release; quoted and linked
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: cite-only
Link: https://www.okhouse.gov/posts/news-20241011_2
Used in: Not used in a chart yet

National Library of Medicine; individual journals

Measures: Effect estimates for HIV and hepatitis C, drug treatment entry, crime, and the Scott County, Indiana and Kanawha County, West Virginia outbreaks
Caveat: Almost all of this evidence is observational. Each claim on the site states the study design and confidence interval, and the hepatitis C evidence for syringe programs alone is rated weak by Cochrane.
License: Abstracts quoted for citation; full texts belong to their publishers
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: api
Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
Used in: What the research finds, with its uncertainty shown

CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 71(2), January 14, 2022

Measures: Outbreak case count, SSP suspension dates, reported syringe sharing after closures
Caveat: A field report, not a causal study; CDC describes the closures as context, alongside the COVID-19 pandemic.
License: Public domain (U.S. government work)
Retrieved: 2026-10-26 · access: cite-only
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7102a4.htm
Used in: Not used in a chart yet